The Plunkett Family
Historical records from the 1850's (shown below), indicate that a very important Anglo-Irish family owned this house in Newragh. These were the Plunketts and their head was styled the 'Baron of Louth'. The records show that a 'Lady Louth' was listed as the owner
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Since the Plunketts never worked the farm, the maintenance of the farm, office and the house were left to the Irish families living there. Around 1800, these would have been the Hoys, Lynches and Maginnesses.
Living in such a house would explain why James Hoy was literate and may explain why in his old days when he toiled long and hard on the Lehigh Canal , he longed for what he called the ‘Old Sod'.
By the 1850's, we see that all of the Hoys, Lynches and Maginnesses were gone from the house in Newragh.
The Tithe War
It is also interesting to speculate as to why James left a substantial holding in Ireland at the age of 40 for an unknown future 3,500 miles away. We know that he was in Newark, New Jersey by February of 1833 and this corresponds to the height of the 'Tithe War' in Ireland when Catholics were being forced to pay 10% of their farm income in cash to the Protestant Church. Previously, they could pay the tithe in farm products which they had, but they never had cash. The Tithe War caused the first large scale immigration from Ireland to America.
As we can see on this page on the 'Tithe War', that Kilkenny was its focus. We do not know where in Ireland that Margaret Phelan was born, but the county in which the Phelan name is most common is Kilkenny. In the 5 years around 1815 around which she was born, 20 Margaret Phelans were born in Kilkenny. |